BGR Support for Mineral Certification Seite 15

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13 The Mineral Trading Chain and Mineral Traceability The mineral trading chain describes the step by step process by which minerals are extracted then pro cessed sold and transformed on their journey from the mine site to their final destination in a consumer product or industrial process The mineral trading chain varies from country to country and from mineral to mineral The exemplary diagram shows a schematic version of that portion of the mineral trading chain that lies within Rwanda s borders It begins at the mine site where artisanal miners dig the ore Usually miners will do some basic field processing washing to produce a mineral pre concentrate which is filled into sacks These sacks are then weighed tagged and collected at a nearby central storage facility where they might undergo further processing Subsequently minerals are trans ported to a central mineral hub usually Kigali where a processor aggregates minerals from many different mine sites and processes the concentrates to export grade prior to sealing them into drums and trucking them as containers to the seaports of Dar es Salaam Tanzania and Mombasa Kenya Mineral traceability means that for each shipment of mineral concentrate that is exported the mineral producer or trader can trace its contents back up the trading chain to determine the specific mine site or sites where the minerals were produced To this end mineral sacks are tagged and traceability documen tation e g delivery notes is generated when the minerals are aggregated and sent along with each shipment In addition traceability may be verified by employing the Analytical Fingerprint AFP method developed at BGR see page 33 Transporting and trading minerals without proper traceability measu res is prohibited in Rwanda 12 Artisanal miners extract ore from dig sites on concessions extracted ore may be washed ground sluiced on site to obtain ore concentrates miners may temporarily store concentrate near dig site for transport aggregation transport as 50 kg sacks or smaller units depending on size of operation Central company storage processing facility on site or major town concentrate aggregation from multiple sources from within the same company typically into 50 kg sacks trucking to mineral hub Mineral hub Kigali Gisenyi trader or logistics partner formal grade analysis possibly further concentrate upgrading aggregation of multiple sources from same or different producers or traders to fill drums and 22 t containers formal export procedure trucking to exit port Exit port Dar es Salaam Mombasa ore concentrates shipped to overseas customers e g smelters 1 2 3 4 upgrade 1 2 3 4 A typical mineral trading chain as applicable for CTC companies in Rwanda 12 2012 BGR Hannover 2012 BGR Hannover