343Desoxygenierung der Muskulatur im Training und Wettkampf BISp Jahrbuch Forschungsförderung 2016 17 Gefäßneubildung Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor VEGF durch dieses Training ansteigt Loenneke et al 2012 In einer weiteren Studie konnte aufgrund einer Drosselung der lokalen Blutzirkulation im Anschluss an ein Sprintin tervalltraining eine Erhöhung von HIF 1 Alpha nachgewiesen werden was ebenfalls die Kapil larisierung der Muskulatur fördern könnte Tay lor et al 2016 Zum anderen könnten die real auftretenden quasi ischämischen Belastungen im Schneetraining beim Ski Alpin besser vorbe reitet werden 5 Literatur Allen D G Lamb G D Westerblad H 2008 Skeletal Muscle Fatigue Cellular Mecha nisms Physiological reviews 88 287 332 Cunniffe B Sharma V Cardinale M Yel lon D 2016 Characterization of muscle oxygenation response to vascular occlu sion implications for remote ischaemic preconditioning and physical Performance Clinical physiology and functional imag ing Zugriff am 15 11 2017 http onlineli brary wiley com doi 10 1111 cpf 12353 abstract Duvillard S P 1995 Introduction the inter disciplinary approach to the science of alpine skiing Medicine science in sports exercise 27 303 304 Grassi B Quaresima V Marconi C Ferrari M Cerretelli P 1999 Blood lactate accumulation and muscle deoxygenation during incremental exercise Journal of applied physiology 87 1 348 355 Kell R T Farag M Bhambhani Y 2004 Reliability of erector spinae oxygenation and blood volume responses using near infrared spectroscopy in healthy males European journal of applied physiology 91 499 507 Loenneke J P Wilson J M Marín P J Zourdos M C Bemben M G 2012 Low intensi ty blood flow restriction training a meta analysis European journal of applied physiology 112 1849 1859 Neumayr G Hoertnagl H Pfister R Koller A Eibl G Raas E 2003 Physical and physiological factors associated with success in professional alpine skiing International journal of sports medicine 34 571 575 Pereira M I Gomes P S Bhambhani Y 2005 Reliability of vastus lateralis oxygenation measured by near infrared spectroscopy during resistance exercise Medicine science of sports exercise 37 5 265 Robergs R A Ghiasvand F Parker D 2004 Biochemistry of exercise induced meta bolic acidosis American journal of physi ology Regulatory integrative and compar ative physiology 287 R502 R516 Rundell K W Pripstein L P 1995 Physiolog ical responses of speed skaters to tread mill low walking and cycle ergometry International journal of sports medicine 16 304 308 Rundell K W 1996 Compromised oxygen uptake in speed skaters during treadmill in line skating Medicine science in sports exercise 28 1 120 127 Rundell K W Niola S Chance B 1997 Hemoglobin myoglobin desaturation during speed skating Medicine science in sports exercise 29 248 258 Saibene F Cortili G Gavazzi P Magistri P 1985 Energy sources in alpine skiing Giant Slalom European journal of ap plied physiology 55 312 316 Szmedra L Im J Nioka S Chance B Run dell K 2001 Hemoglobin myoglobin oxygen desaturation during Alpine skiing Medicine science in sports exercise 33 2 232 236 Taylor C W Ingham S A Ferguson R A 2016 Acute and chronic effect of sprint interval training combined with postex ercise blood flow restriction in trained individuals Experimental physiology 101 143 154

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