Understanding the Hazards Stadiums face the same natural hazard risks as other FM Global insured locations This coupled with their inherently com plex nontraditional structures and unusual shapes make the recipe for risk manage ment more complex brand signage is difficult to repair due to the sheer size of the structure skilled tradespeople are often needed to rappel down large roofs to make such repairs For more information refer to FM Global Data Sheet 1 59 Fabric and Membrane Structures Typically the roof can be more than 100 feet high and in the event of a fire heat would have such a distance to travel that sprinkler operation would be severely delayed or simply unlikely so alternate strategies are necessary pyrotechnics can bring about even more exposures Sprinkler protection systems are needed for dedicated office space VIP rooms and covered areas of the concourse In the United States the National Fire Pro tection Agency NFPA considers stadiums lower hazard risks with few combustibles While this is often true FM Global engi neers explore potential alternative uses concerts trade shows etc that could even temporarily introduce combustible loading to ensure these risks are managed A key consideration for stadium protec tion is the fact that often the main arena is not conducive to traditional sprinkler protec tion due to the height of the roof sometimes exceeding 100 feet 30 meters In the event of a fire heat would have such a distance to travel that sprinkler operation would be severely delayed or simply unlikely so alternate strategies are necessary Storage areas can contain everything from concessions staging and props to combustible materials such as fuel for emergency generators gases used in freez ers and coolers and oils used for lubricat ing equipment Instances such as these require sprinkler systems as well as com bustible loading management Retractable roofs are becoming increasingly common and in addition to the usual stadium hazards bring about a separate set of challenges due to their hydraulics systems There are equipment hazards surrounding the mechanical opera tion of opening and closing the roof as well as fire and combustion threats from the lubricating oils The engineers look at fuel gas and oil storage and usage among other fire hazards Education Loss prevention education is an inherent component of the partnering relationship FM Global builds with its clients There can often be an apparent conflict between the construction focus on time and on bud get and the loss prevention focus between FM Global and risk managers This is When Marlins Park home to the Miami Marlins Major League Baseball franchise in Florida was built in 2012 its complex retractable roofing system design created a unique wind challenge Third party wind tunnel testing was conducted on a small scale model of the stadium and shared with FM Global engineers who were then able to consider alternate scenar ios and request additional wind pressure simulations to provide engineering recom mendations for adequate wind protection By bringing FM Global on board during the building process additional loss pre vention measures were taken upfront rather than requiring a retrofit at a later date Fire and equipment A stadium s occupancy is always in flux and different events carry their own sets of risks Concerts for instance often have elaborate stages that can create shielded fire areas and special effects such as Natural hazards Large parking areas are typically adjacent to a stadium creating unusual challenges to storm drainage systems which may be inad equate for a rainfall event occurring near structures of a stadium s magnitude Many have arena floors that are below street level exposing below grade occupancies to flood and surface water damage If electrical rooms are housed on these lower levels adequate protection is necessary to main tain operations required to keep effective emergency plans in place Stadiums located in hurricane prone areas face numerous wind hazards affect ing their roofing systems to large windows and brand signage For instance fabric and membrane roofing systems common among some stadiums have a loss history showing that they have inherent exposures to wind and snow loading In windstorm events windblown debris is also a risk Damage to large window areas and the building s 18 Reason ISSUE 1 2015 the IDEA

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